Sphaeriidae (a family of small freshwater clams) in class Bivalvia (bivalve molluscs) Fingernail clams, also called pill clams or pea clams, are members of a family of small to tiny freshwater clams that are common but rarely noticed. Web Idaho Official Government Website. Lawrence, P.A. Glochidia are not harmful to their hosts; they remain on the host for only a few days or weeks before dropping off and continuing their development into adult mussels. Taxonomic scope Pea or Fingernail Clams (Sphaeriidae) Family Sphaeriidae Pea Clams Methodology Method steps Contacts Jim Kellogg Originator biologist VTDEC Vermont United States of America https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=kellogg-jim-kellogg-a4a499132 Michael Lew Then, they may be eaten by fishes, birds, and mammals that arent bothered by their small shells. MacIsaac. Fingernail clams are mostly filter-feeders, siphoning in floating particulate organic materials ( small plant or animal) from the water column and straining out the particles and expel the strained water. Holopainen, I.J. Description. The species is found in ponds, eddies in creeks and rivers, and sheltered areas in small lakes. Invertebrate in the Sphaerium Genus. or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever resulting from loss of use, data, or profits "A few up to many (1-28) young have been found in Canadian specimens; the young within a single parent are all the same size or of only two different sizes." (La Rocque 1967) includes Montana in range, indicates records throughout the United States (in almost every state), some in Canada. Because these ponds lack fish (which would eat them), the eggs, tadpoles, and larval salamanders can grow to maturity in relative safety. The information has not received final approval by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is provided on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information. View in other NatureServe Network Field Guides. Wider. This information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision. To create your own list of species, use the PDF Creator tool at the bottom of the Advanced Search page. Zdeba. (Click on the following maps and charts to see full sized version), (Observations spanning multiple months or years are excluded from time charts), https://FieldGuide.mt.gov/speciesDetail.aspx?elcode=IMBIV52080, Freshwater Mussels of Montana -- A Field Guide, Natural Heritage MapViewer (Statewide Database of Animal Observations), Web Search Engines for Articles on "Striated Fingernailclam", Additional Sources of Information Related to "Mussels / Clams". Nonindigenous Freshwater Organisms: Vectors, Biology and Impacts. The data represented on this site vary in accuracy, scale, completeness, extent of coverage and origin. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York State. Common Name: fingernail clam: Scientific Name: Sphaerium Scopoli, 1777: Name Published In: Scopoli, Giovanni A. 1997. A species range is an area where a species could be found during its lifetime and includes areas Idaho Official Government Website. Fingernail clams are mostly filter-feeders, siphoning in floating particulate organic materials ( small plant or animal) from the water column and straining out the particles and expel the strained water. To create your own list of species, use the PDF Creator tool at the bottom of the Advanced Search page. Pedal feeding from the bottom with the foot muscle has also been observed. The Nonindigenous Occurrences section of the NAS species profiles has a new structure. Heinonen, Jari, J Kukkonen, O-P Penttinen, and IJ Holopainen. Fingernail clams may approximate the size of a little fingernail but are usually smaller. However, the animal inside has jointed, shrimplike legs and bristly, feathery antennae, which itextends outside the shell and uses for swimming. Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804. WebThere are no bag or possession limits for unprotected species which includes the forementioned Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) which must be 1.5 inches across.Three other species have no harvesting restrictions beyond size: The Atlantic Rangia (Rangia cuneata) 3 inches, the Carolina Marschclam (Polymesoda caroliniana) , 3.5 inches, and Because without limestone or dolomite rocks to buffer (raise the pH of) the soil and water, the decaying leaves and other organic materials on the floor of the woods would tend to make the environment somewhat acidic and an acidic environment would either damage the clams fragile shells or prevent them from forming at all. warranties which accompany this product. Hear a word and type it out. Benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators of environmental degradation in the southern nearshore zone of the central basin of Lake Erie. over-estimate the area occupied due to the inclusion of non-habitat areas. They were not fished commercially, but an eager asian market has developed. Penttinen, O., J. Kukkonen, and J. Pellinen. The Greek sphairion Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! They retain the eggs and newly hatched young in an internal brood pouch (called a marsupium, like the pouch of an opossum). Taylor, N.A. at the Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) is comprised of animal and plant observations from Remember that fingernail clams can fertilize their own eggs, so only one individual can start a population. 74 pp 7 plates. On the other hand, where the parental expenditure is low, but the numbers of offspring are many, mortality is high, but the odds of a few of them surviving to adulthood is also great (think of freshwater mussels broadcasting clouds of sperm and eggs into the water, and having little other parental investment beyond their bodies making and expelling the gametes). The river fingernail clam has a dull yellow to brown, laterally compressed and rounded shell reaching a length of about .5 inches. Salamandra 31(1):61-64. Smaller shells, less than 8 mm long, may be distinguished by the fact that the striae fade out in the region of the beaks; the posterior end and dorsal margin are rounded or form an obtuse angle; and the posterior end of the shell is truncate, the beaks swollen." In addition to a fun day out in nature, it also teaches kids how stream ecologists can gauge a streams health by what kinds of invertebrates are present. It is being provided to meet the need for timely best science. I went to the ______ store to buy a birthday card. [2023]. Species ranges included on the Idaho Species Catalog originate from a variety of sources. IDFG cannot accept any Ormerod. Citation information: U.S. Geological Survey. Idaho Official Government Website. 464 pp. WebCommon Name: Long Fingernail Clam Scientific Name: Musculium transversum (Sphaerium transversum) Synonyms: Musculium transversum Google image search Taxonomy Group: Mollusc (Freshwater Bivalve) Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Bivalva (Freshwater) Order: Veneroida Family: Sphaeriidae References: B100 General The glochidia (parasitic juvenile stages) of our native freshwater mussels (order Unionoida) are tiny clams that attach themselves to the fins, skin, or gills of their hosts, which are usually fish. Waste products are expelled from the shell cavity via excurrent water flow. The larval fingernail clams remain in their mother/fathers marsupium until they are surprisingly large and well-developed, sometimes being as much as a fourth or a third the size of the parent. Click it to build a custom PDF with species shown on that page or for all the species within that taxonomic level. Grigorovich, I.A., A.V. will be addressed at the beginning of the next business day. (La Rocque 1967). As the pool dries, the fingernail clams burrow down several inches into the soil, where it is moist enough for them to survive until the next spring. Many areas of the state have yet to be surveyed; the lack of an observation doesnt indicate the However, in certain locations, the shell fragments were preserved in formations dominated by fossilized fingernail clam shells. Biologists have witnessed this hitchhiking phenomenon in the vernal pools of northern states. during different times of the year or different stages of their lifecycle. in perennial freshwater lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams of all sizes; ordinarily found on mud, but sometimes on sand, Taiga Plains, Taiga Shield, Boreal Plains. 1993. Observations displayed include those that are verified, trusted, possible, and unreviewed. A pair of flaplike, mucous-covered gills collects the goodies and channels them to the animals mouth, situated at one part of the gill. 1980, Mackie 2000, Peckarsky et al. Edwards, K. Simkiss, and E.A. Freshwater Sphaeriid Clams* of Maine. Like other clams, fingernail clams have two mirror-image shells that are hinged together, and the shells are generally rounded to triangular. Scientific Name Common Name Family Sphaeriidae Subfamily Sphaeriinae Sphaerium Apparently, fingernail clams can move from one isolated vernal pool to another by clamping on to a finger or toe of a salamander, frog, or other animal. (Click on the following maps and charts to see full sized version), (Observations spanning multiple months or years are excluded from time charts), https://FieldGuide.mt.gov/speciesDetail.aspx?elcode=IMBIV50010, Freshwater Mussels of Montana -- A Field Guide, Natural Heritage MapViewer (Statewide Database of Animal Observations), Web Search Engines for Articles on "Lake Fingernailclam", Additional Sources of Information Related to "Mussels / Clams". These shells can be quite fragile compared to introduced Asian clams of the family Corbiculidae, which have not been reported in Montana, yet. Cytogenetic and sequence comparison of adult Phyllodistomum (Digenea: Gargoderidae) from the three-spined stickleback with larvae from two bivalves. The shell has distinct concentric ridges, or salculations, across its shell. Fine growth lines are often visible, but they are not strongly raised, ridged, or rough. Statewide. Sphaeriidae is a family of small to minute freshwater bivalve molluscs in the order Sphaeriida. Life cycle and distribution of Sphaerium corneum (Mollusca: Bivalvia, Sphaeriidae) in Lake Saint Pierre, St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada. They are native and can be quite abundant, providing food for a variety of animals and producing large accumulations of empty shells. For problems and technical issues, contact Matthew Neilson. To create your own list of species, use the PDF Creator tool at the bottom of the Advanced Search page. The scientific name for this giant clam is Panopea Generosa. The narrow and curved 3rd cardinal is parallel to the hinge plate and expanded and often bifurcate posteriorly (Clarke 1981, Herrington 1962, Mackie et al. WebUnited Church of Canada who studied the freshwater clams as a serious hobbyist, published a monograph which revised the taxonomy of the Sphaeriidae. Table 1. Journal of Molluscan Studies 45(1):18-34. The list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of Eupera cubensis are W. H. 1977. Table 1. Here's some links if you want to download a whole group. The shell is covered in evenly spaced striae that become finer and fade out toward the beaks. Names and dates are hyperlinked to their relevant specimen records. Look for this PDF icon as you search and browse. La Rocque. Fingernail clams, also called pill clams or pea clams, are members of a family of small to tiny freshwater clams that are common but rarely noticed. Citation information: U.S. Geological Survey. Shell large, more than 8 mm long; beaks not prominent, only very slightly raised above the dorsal margin; shell more or less rectangular in outline. Moitessiers pea clam Pisidium moitessierianum (Bivalvia, Sphaeriidae): a cryptogenic mollusk in the Great Lakes. In no event shall IDFG be liable for any special, indirect, WebWater Quality Using the Fingernail Clam, Sphaerium transversum". They are native and can be quite abundant, providing food for a variety of animals and producing large accumulations of empty shells. Trouble from the fresh water mussel (Sphaerium corneum Lin). (Burch 1972) records the species "throughout the United States and south into Mexico and Central America" and in "Canada from New Brunswick northwest to Great Slave Lake and Upper Yukon River." It is the user's responsibility to use these data consistent with their intended purpose and within stated limitations. When a fingernail clam relaxes, its shells open slightly to allow the two siphons (left) and foot (right) to protrude. Borchert, J., L. Karbe, and J. Westendorf. American Malacological Bulletin 5(1):41-48. 1980. Lepitzki, Robert Forsyth, http://ia902505.us.archive.org/3/items/malacologia131973inst/malacologia131973inst.pdf. Both genera have joined mantle rims extended to form long tube-shaped siphons (see pictures). Click it to build a custom PDF with species shown on that page or for all the species within that taxonomic level. Fingernail clams are small "mostly about the size of a finger or thumbnail" bottom-dwelling, filter-feeders found in ponds, lakes and streams throughout Montana. Environmental Pollution 117:523-530. Conklin Jr. 1993. This information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision. Some species of fingernail clams are specially adapted to live in vernal pools temporary ponds, usually in woodlands, that fill with water in springtime, then dry up during summer. Sphaerium simile (Grooved Fingernail Clam) is a species of mussels in the family Sphaeriidae. 1995. 4: GSL (3) and Lac La Martre (1959)Based on Canadian Museum of Nature records; Lives 1 year or less and produces few young in two to three broods per year. Decheniana 130:222-228. (La Rocque 1967:295). Buy a License; Toggle navigation Buy a License Search Adults ordinarily contain approximately 2 to 11 juveniles (Clarke 1981). CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, Florida. The Journal of Animal Ecology 5(1):116-186. Korniushin, D.K. Adult freshwater mussels grow to much larger sizes than fingernail clams and have an asymmetrical, often oblong shape. The list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of Sphaerium corneum are found here. Herrington, H.B. Reproduction of fingernail clams (Sphaeriidae: Sphaerium and Musculium). Around 20 larval fingernail clams, in various stages of development, may be present in a fingernail clams marsupium at any given time. We highly recommend reviewing metadata files prior to interpreting these data. Why? Duggan, R.I. Colautti, and H.J. They The distribution and conservation of threatened Sphaeriidae on British grazing marshland. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 58:158-165. WebFingernail clams (Sphaerioidea) The fingernail clams are small fresh and brackish water mussels distributed worldwide. Some are (La Rocque 1967:295-296). It has been collected in mud, gravel and coarse sand bottoms; at depths of 0.3 - 2 m (La Rocque 1967). Pedal feeding from the bottom with the foot muscle has also been observed. Established where recorded, but most common in Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, and uncommon in Lake Huron, where it is uncertain if populations are permanently established. It is native to the west coast of North America and its name is derived from the native american word meaning dig deep. (La Rocque 1967) cites dimensions from various authors and collection sites in the following range: L. 15.5-3.9, H. 12.5-3.1, D. 7.3-2.5 mm (Note: D. not included for largest specimen). Species distribution models These creatures are vital links in the aquatic food chain, and their presence and numbers tell us a lot about water quality. 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